Muscle Strains
What is a muscle strain?
A strain is a stretch or tear of a muscle or tendon.
Tendons are strong bands of tissue that attach muscles to
bones. People commonly call muscle strains "pulled
muscles."
How does it occur?
The usual cause of muscle strain is forceful contraction
(tightening) of the muscle during an activity. For example,
it might happen when you run, jump, throw, or lift a heavy
object.
What are the symptoms?
- You may feel a burning or a popping at the time of the
injury.
- The injured muscle hurts.
- It is hard to use the injured muscle.
- The injured area may be swollen or bruised.
How is it diagnosed?
Your health care provider will examine the injured area and
find that it is tender.
How is it treated?
The general rule for treating strains is R-I-C-E:
- Rest: At first you will need to avoid activities that
cause pain. If you have a leg strain you may need
crutches.
- Ice packs: Put ice packs on the strained muscle for 20 to
30 minutes every 3 to 4 hours. Do this for 2 to 3 days
or until the pain goes away. You can also do ice
massage: Freeze water in a cup and tear back the top of
the cup. Rub the injured area with the ice for 5 to 10
minutes, three times a day. This is especially useful
for strains you have had for more than a few days.
- Compression: Wrap an elastic bandage around your strained
muscle to reduce swelling.
- Elevation: Keep the injured muscle elevated above your
heart as much as possible.
Also:
- Depending on which muscle you have strained, you may be given
crutches, a brace, or a sling.
- Your health care provider may recommend anti-inflammatory
medication or another pain reliever.
- You may be given exercises to help you recover faster.
How can it be prevented?
The best way to prevent strains is to warm up properly and
stretch your muscles before exercise. The stronger and more
flexible your muscles are, the less likely they will be
strained.
Written by Pierre Rouzier, M.D.
This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to
change as new health information becomes available. The
information is intended to inform and educate and is not a
replacement for medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or
treatment by a healthcare professional.
Copyright © 2003 McKesson Health Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.